ABSTRACT
OBJETIVO: Determinar la relación que existe entre el consumo y número de sustancias y la presentación del suicidio. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Los datos se tomaronde la cédula forense del Sistema de Vigilancia Epidemiológica de las Adicciones entre 1994 y 2006 de 27 entidades federativas participantes en México. RESULTADOS: El suicidio se presentó en 8.7% de las defunciones por causa violenta en el periodo de estudio. En los hombres se observó que a medida que aumentaba el número de sustancias se elevaba la posibilidad para fallecer por suicidio, en comparación con los decesos por otras causas (una sustancia: RM= 1.8; dos o más: RM= 3.3). En las mujeres, dicha posibilidad se mantiene prácticamente igual en relación con el aumento del número de sustancias detectadas (una sustancia: RM= 3.2; dos o más: RM= 3.6). CONCLUSIÓN: El consumo de sustancias es un factor importante vinculado con el suicidio en los sujetos cuya causa de defunción fue dictaminada por el Servicio Médico Forense mexicano.
OBJECTIVE: To determine the association between substance use and the number of substances with the presentation of suicide. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Data were taken from the forensic certificate of the Epidemiological Surveillance System of Addictions in the period between 1994 and 2006 from 27 states in Mexico. RESULTS: Suicide was detected in 8.7% of the violent deaths during the study period. Among men, it was observed that the increased number of substances increased the possibility for death by suicide, compared to deaths from other causes (one substance: OR = 1.8; two or more: OR = 3.3). In women, that possibility remains virtually unchanged with the increase in the number of substances detected (one substance: OR = 3.2; two or more: OR = 3.6). DISCUSSION: The use of substances is a major factor associated with suicide in the population whose cause of death was issued by the Mexican Forensic Medical Services.
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Population Surveillance , Substance-Related Disorders/epidemiology , Suicide/statistics & numerical data , Alcohol Drinking/blood , Alcohol Drinking/epidemiology , Alcohol Drinking/psychology , Cause of Death , Educational Status , Ethanol/blood , Forensic Psychiatry/organization & administration , Marital Status , Mexico/epidemiology , Retrospective Studies , Illicit Drugs/blood , Substance-Related Disorders/blood , Substance-Related Disorders/psychology , Suicide/psychology , Young AdultABSTRACT
OBJETIVO: Este estudo visa a uma abordagem da psiquiatria forense dentro de diferentes contextos, no sentido de mostrar como essa ciência é influenciada por aspectos legais e culturais. MÉTODO: Foi feita uma revisão bibliográfica com o objetivo de apreender formas culturalmente diferentes de se lidar com a lei dentro do campo médico-psiquiátrico. RESULTADOS: Existe uma enorme gama de fatores, de diversas naturezas (legal, política, cultural, religiosa), que enriquece e, simultaneamente, dificulta um debate sobre o tema. CONCLUSÕES: Existem dois grandes obstáculos para se adquirir um conhecimento sobre a prática, em todo o mundo, da psiquiatria forense. O primeiro diz respeito a uma heterogeneidade que dificulta sua descrição de forma clara, e o segundo se refere ao próprio desconhecimento de realidades culturalmente muito diferentes. Por outro lado, essas mesmas dificuldades devem representar um estímulo para novos estudos dessa natureza, objetivando a alcançar, pouco a pouco, uma maior compreensão da matéria
OBJECTIVE: The study aims to approach forensic psychiatry within different contexts. It endeavors to show how this specific psychiatry science area is influenced by legal and cultural aspects.METHOD: The bibliography reviewed had in view understanding the different ways of how to deal with law within the psychiatric sphere, from a cultural point of view. RESULTS: there is a great heterogeneity, of different nature (legal, political, cultural, and religious) that enrich, but at the same time makes difficult, a debate about this issue.CONCLUSIONS: there are two great obstacles to achieve a good knowledge about the practice of forensic psychiatry all over the world. The first one is represented by a heterogeneity that makes difficult its description in a comprehensible way. The second is the lack of knowledge of the cultural diverse realities. These difficulties should be a stimulus for newer studies of this characteristic. Only in this way it becomes possible to gradually increase the comprehension of this issue